Fri Feb 16 2024

107 articles - From Friday Feb 09 2024 to Friday Feb 16 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

Treatment Decision for Locally Resected T1 Colorectal Carcinoma-Verification of the Japanese Guideline Criteria for Additional Surgery Based on Long-Term Clinical Outcomes.

Our large-scale real-world multicenter study demonstrated the validity of the JSCCR criteria for pT1 CRC after local resection, especially regarding favorable outcomes in patients with low risk of LNM.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Establishment of Standards for the Referral of Large Non-Pedunculated Colorectal Polyps: An International Expert Consensus Using a Modified Delphi Process.

The identified consensus statements can aid in improving the triage and planning of resection techniques for large colorectal polyps, ultimately contributing to the reduction of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.

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Hepatology

Letter to the Editor: Additional viewpoints from transplant surgeons on Banff consensus recommendations for the assessment of steatotic donor livers.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Reply "additional viewpoints from transplant surgeons on Banff consensus recommendations for the assessment of steatotic donor livers".

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Gastroenterol

Comparative efficacy of P-CABs versus proton pump inhibitors for Grade C/D esophagitis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Vonoprazan has considerable efficacy in initial and maintained healing of grade C/D esophagitis compared with PPIs, with moderate short-term and long-term safety.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endosc Int Open

Endoscopic spray cryotherapy for dysphagia palliation in esophageal cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Endoscopic liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy can effectively and safely treat dysphagia in esophageal cancer. It can be considered an option for dysphagia palliation in centers with expertise and equipment.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Risk of recurrence with or without plastic stent after EUS-guided treatment of peripancreatic fluid collections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In this meta-analysis, long-term PS placement reduced the risk of PFC recurrence. Given the potential AEs of indwelling PS, further research is required to evaluate the overall benefits of long-term PS placement.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Gastrointest Endosc

Diagnostic yield of endoscopic and EUS-guided biopsy techniques in subepithelial lesions of the upper gastro-intestinal tract: a systematic review.

Reported procedure-related complications graded AGREE II or higher were 2.8-3.9% for endoscopic biopsies, 1.0-4.5% for EUS-FNA, 0.9-7.7 % for EUS-FNB, 1.9-7.9% for MIAB. Based on the available evidence, MIAB and EUS-FNB seem to be most effective in terms of achieving a high diagnostic yield, with similar rates of adverse events.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

A Clinico-Pathological Appraisal of Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors at a Racially Diverse Safety Net Hospital.

Larger scale studies are needed to determine the significance of these findings.

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Implementation of a hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance program in a community-based integrated health system in patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis.

Implementation of a population-based program resulted in significant improvement in HCC surveillance use and clinical outcomes among patients with HCV cirrhosis. These findings may inform similar interventions by other healthcare systems.

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Predicting Risk of Colorectal Cancer After Adenoma Removal in a Large, Community-based Setting.

A comprehensive CRC risk prediction model featuring patient age, diabetes diagnosis, and baseline colonoscopy indication and polyp findings was more accurate at predicting post-polypectomy CRC diagnosis than a model based on polyp findings alone.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Association between Vonoprazan and the risk of gastric cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication.

The use of PCABs was associated with an increased risk of GC among Hp-eradicated patients, with duration/dose response effects.

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Feasibility and Colonoscopy Yield using the Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)-based Colorectal Screening in a Latin America Country.

Implementation of a FIT-based CRC screening program was feasible in a low-resource setting, and there was a high yield for neoplasia in individuals with a positive FIT. This approach could be used as a model to plan and disseminate organized CRC screening more broadly in Brazil and Latin America.

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Hypercholesterolemia is associated with dysregulation of lipid metabolism and poor prognosis in primary biliary cholangitis.

Our results indicate that patients with PBC having baseline TC levels above 5.2 mmol/L have unique lipidome characteristics and are at a higher risk of poor clinical outcomes.

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Endosc Int Open

Cloud technology and capsule endoscopy: A single-center users' experience of remote online video analysis and reporting.

PillCam remote reader is a reliable, secure, and effective capsule analysis platform and should be incorporated into any CE service development plan.

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Insulated tip/needle-knife endoscopic stricturotomy is safe and effective for treatment of non-traversable anorectal strictures.

Endoscopic stricturotomy is safe and effective in treating severe anorectal/anopouch strictures.

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Per-oral cholangioscopy in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a 12-month follow-up study.

In PSC patients, POCS visualization/biopsy and ERC/cytology each identified three cases of CCA. Some patients had a repeat procedure and none experienced POCS-related SAEs.

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Transluminal antegrade drill dilation technique for hepaticojejunostomy stricture with cholangioscopic evaluation (with video).

In conclusion, TAD appears to be technically feasible and safe.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Trends in prevalence of esophageal adenocarcinoma: Findings from a statewide database of over 6 million patients.

Therefore, we aimed to assess the time trends in the prevalence and incidence of EAC and some of its risk factors in a large population of patients in Florida and to assess these trends based on age categories. We hypothesized that the prevalence of EAC and BE has increased over time at younger age groups.

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Endoscopy

High risk stigmata and treatment strategy for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a nationwide study in Japan.

A population-level endoscopy dataset allowed us to identify high risk endoscopic SRH and propose a simple endoscopic treatment strategy for ALGIB. Unlike upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the rebleeding risks for ALGIB depend on colonic location, bleeding etiology, and treatment modality.

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Risk of a post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer in patients with diverticular disease: A population-based cohort study.

Although the absolute risk was low, the relative risk of proximal PCCRCs may be elevated in patients with DD undergoing colonoscopy compared with non-DD patients.

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Gastroenterology

A look into the future: Are we ready for an approved therapy in celiac disease?

In this perspective, we aim to describe these contextual issues and then look ahead to the future. What might be the major challenges in celiac disease clinics in the coming years once drugs are an option alongside the diet? And what will be future objectives for researchers who further decipher the mucosal immunology of celiac disease? Speculating on the answers to these questions is as stimulating as it is fascinating to be part of this turning point.

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Apoptotic Vesicular Metabolism Contributes to Organelle Assembly and Safeguards Liver Homeostasis and Regeneration.

These findings establish a previously unrecognized functional and mechanistic framework that apoptosis through vesicular metabolism safeguards liver homeostasis and regeneration, which holds promise for hepatic disease therapeutics.

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Autonomous Artificial Intelligence versus AI Assisted Human optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps: A randomized controlled trial.

Autonomous AI-based optical diagnosis exhibits non-inferior accuracy to endoscopist-based diagnosis. Both Autonomous AI and AI-H exhibited relatively low accuracy for optical diagnosis, however Autonomous AI achieved higher agreement with pathology-based surveillance intervals.

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Early initiation of biologics and disease outcomes in children and adults with inflammatory bowel diseases: results from the nationwide epi-IIRN cohort.

Early initiation of biologics was not associated with several IBD outcomes with the exception of a reduced risk of surgery and steroid-dependency for CD, which requires confirmation in future studies. In UC, early introduction of biologics was not associated with reduced risk of colectomy or steroid-dependency.

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Endoscopic gallbladder stenting to prevent recurrent cholecystitis in deferred cholecystectomy: a randomized trial.

(Thaiclinicaltrials. org, number: TCTR20200913001).

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Histological remission in inflammatory bowel disease and female fertility: A nationwide study.

An association between histological and clinical activity and reduced female fertility in CD and UC was found. Notably, histological inflammation was linked to reduced fertility also in women with clinically quiescent IBD.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Feasibility of Esophageal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection after Radiofrequency Ablation Treatment in Patients with Barrett's Esophagus.

ESD could be a feasible and safe option for patients with a history of RFA. It could be considered for esophageal neoplasms in patients previously treated with RFA for BE.

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Gut

Faecal microbial transfer and complex carbohydrates mediate protection against COPD.

The gut microbiome contributes to COPD pathogenesis and can be targeted therapeutically.

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Hepatology

Comparison of six tests for diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy and predicting clinical outcome - A prospective, observational study.

Where applicable, the diagnosis of mHE should be made based on adjusted norm values for the tests, exclusively. The mHE tests cannot be equated with one another and have an overall limited value in predicting clinical outcomes.

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Extensive splanchnic vein thrombosis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination a Vascular Liver Disease Group (VALDIG) initiative.

Although definite VITT was rare, in 72% no other cause for SVT could be identified following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. These cases were different from patients with non-vaccine related SVT, with lower incidence of prothrombotic conditions, higher rates of bowel ischemia and poorer outcome. Although SVT after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is rare in absolute terms, these data remain relevant considering ongoing re-vaccination programs.

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From past to present to future: Terlipressin and hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury.

However, its recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval has generated new interest in this population, as a new base of prescribers now work to incorporate the drug into clinical practice. In this article, we review HRS pathophysiology and diagnostic criteria, clinical use of terlipressin and alternative therapies, and identify areas of future research in the space of HRS and kidney injury in cirrhosis.

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Genomics of human NAFLD: Lack of data reproducibility and high interpatient variability in drug target expression as major causes of drug failures.

Lack of data reproducibility, high interpatient variability and absence of disease dependent drug target regulations are likely causes of NASH drug failures in clinical trials.

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Molecular mechanisms in MASLD/MASH related HCC.

We delve into MASH-HCC associated genetic variations and somatic mutations, disease progression and research models, multi-omics analysis, immunological and microenvironmental impacts, and discuss targeted/combined therapies to overcome immune evasion and the biomarkers to recognize treatment responders. By furthering our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying MASH-HCC, our goal is to catalyze the advancement of more potent treatment strategies, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes.

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Recent outcomes of liver transplantation for Budd Chiari Syndrome - a study of the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR) and affiliated centers.

LT for BCS results in excellent patient- and graft survival. Older recipient or donor age, and higher MELD are associated with poorer outcomes, while long-term anticoagulation improves both patient and graft outcomes.

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Sintilimab plus bevacizumab combined with radiotherapy as first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: A multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 study.

Sintilimab plus bevacizumab combined with radiotherapy provides favorable treatment response and survival outcomes along with an acceptable safety profile in the first-line setting for HCC patients with PVTT. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05010434).

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J Hepatol

Blocking viral entry with bulevirtide reduces the number of HDV-infected hepatocytes in human liver biopsies.

Blocking viral entry diminishes signs of liver inflammation and promotes a strong reduction of HDV infection within the liver, thus suggesting that some patients may achieve HDV cure with long-term treatment. Impact and implications Chronic infection with the hepatitis delta virus causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis affecting approximately 12 million people worldwide. The entry inhibitor bulevirtide (BLV) is the only recently approved anti-HDV drug, which has proven efficacious and safe in clinical trials and real-word data. Here, we investigated paired liver biopsies at baseline and after 24 or 48 weeks of treatment from three clinical trials to understand the effect of the drug on viral and host parameters in the liver, the site of viral replication. We found that BLV treatment strongly reduces the number of HDV-infected cells and signs of liver inflammation. This data implies that blocking viral entry ameliorates liver inflammation and that prolonged treatment regimens might lead to HDV cure in some patients. This concept will inform further developments of therapeutic strategies and combination treatments in CHD patients.

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Chimeric antigen receptor-modified macrophages ameliorate liver fibrosis in preclinical models.

Collectively, our findings demonstrate the potential of using macrophages as a platform for CAR technology to provide an effective treatment option for liver fibrosis. CAR-Ms might be developed for treatment of patients with liver fibrosis.

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Increased Siglec-9/Siglec-9L interactions on NK cells predict poor HCC prognosis and present a targetable checkpoint for immunotherapy.

Our study provides the rationale for HCC treatment by targeting Siglec-9 on NK cells and identifies a promising small-molecule inhibitor against Siglec-9 that enhances NK cell-mediated HCC surveillance.

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Major HBV splice variant encoding a novel protein important for infection.

Prior studies unveiled the potential integration of the HBc -Cys protein into the HBV capsid. We confirmed the proposal and validated its identity and function during infection.

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Nuclear miR-204-3p mitigates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in mice.

miR-204-3p inhibits macrophage inflammation, coordinating macrophage actions on hepatocytes and HSCs to ameliorate steatohepatitis. Macrophage miR-204-3p may be a therapeutic target for MASLD. Impact and implications Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic inflammatory disease ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of MASLD remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that miR-204-3p levels in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells are negatively correlates with disease severity in patients with MASLD. Nuclear miR-204-3p activates ULK1 transcription and improves autophagic flux, limiting macrophage activation and hepatic steatosis. Our study provides a novel understanding of the mechanism of macrophage autophagy and inflammation in steatohepatitis and suggests that miR-204-3p may act as a potential therapeutic target for MASLD.

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Primary hypocholesterolemia is associated with an increased risk of hepatic complications in the general population.

HBL is associated with a markedly increased risk of hepatic complications. HBL must be considered as a substantial independent risk factor for liver diseases which justifies specific prevention and screening.

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Randomized-controlled trial of anakinra plus zinc vs. prednisone for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Participants with SAH treated with prednisone using the Day-7 Lille score as a stopping rule had significantly higher overall and transplant-free 90-day survival and lower incidence of acute kidney injury than those treated with A+Z.

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Sex-determining region Y gene promotes liver fibrosis and accounts for sexual dimorphism in its pathophysiology.

SRY is a strong pro-fibrotic factor and accounts for the sex disparity of liver fibrosis, suggesting its critical role as a potentially sex-specific therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of the disease.

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Therapeutic vaccine-induced plasma cell differentiation is defective in the presence of persistently high HBsAg levels.

Sustained high levels of HBsAg challenge the potential of therapeutic hepatitis B vaccines to induce canonical plasma cell differentiation necessary for producing anti-HBs antibodies. Employing a strategy combining antibodies with vaccines can surmount this altered humoral response associated with atypical pre-plasma cells, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy in HBV carrier mice.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Enhancing frailty assessment in liver transplantation candidates-The role of the Duke Activity Status Index in predicting mortality and guiding prehabilitation.

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Editorial: How often can we get the right diagnosis after bone marrow transplant in patients with abnormal liver function tests?

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Editorial: The prevalence and outcomes of perianal Crohn's disease across treatment eras.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with cirrhosis - answering the unanswered questions?

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Gastroenterology

Colonoscopy vs. the Fecal Immunochemical Test: Which is Best?

This review will separately state the "best case" for FIT and colonoscopy as the screening tool of first choice. In addition, the review will examine these modalities from a health economics perspective to provide the reader further context about the relative advantages of these commonly used tests.

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Immunopathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cholangitis, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Autoimmune Hepatitis: Themes and Concepts.

Development of effective therapies requires better knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms, including the roles of genetic risk, and how the environment and gut dysbiosis cause immune cell dysfunction and aberrant bile acid signalling. This review summarises key aetiolopathogenic concepts and themes relevant for clinical practice, and how such learnings can guide the development of new therapies for people living with AILDs.

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J Hepatol

Democracy in Science.

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One - or more - blind spot(s) unveiled in the new definition of decompensated cirrhosis.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Endoscopy

Anastomotic biliary stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation: what can we propose after failure of classic ERCP technique to cannulate the stricture?

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Cholangioscopy-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection for a mildly dysplastic lesion of the common bile duct: a pilot exploration for super minimally invasive surgery.

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Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for a gastric submucosal tumor with surrounding hemorrhage.

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal cancer behind a tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy using a novel, ultra-stiff, high-sliding guidewire and a dumbbell-shaped metal stent.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided partial splenic embolization for hypersplenism: a novel alternative.

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Funnel-hood-assisted endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy for acute appendicitis.

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Gravity-assisted opacification method for confirming hilar biliary obstruction.

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Needle puncture fistulotomy: a new technique for needle-knife fistulotomy as a primary biliary access method for biliary cannulation.

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Pancreatic pseudocyst with biliary fistula diagnosed using a novel slim peroral cholangioscope.

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Percutaneous endoscopic necrosectomy with the assistance of implanted stent to manage walled-off necrosis: first clinical experience.

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Retroflexed endoscopic submucosal dissection of a lesion invading the pyloric ring, using a newly developed thin endoscope.

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Successful cholangioscopy-guided cannulation using a novel slim cholangioscope in a patient with Roux-en-Y gastrectomy.

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Successful hemostasis with red dichromatic imaging for bleeding rectal dieulafoy's lesion.

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Successful retrieval of a migrated stent in the pancreatic duct after endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreaticogastrostomy with peroral pancreatoscopy.

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Through-the-cholangioscope metal biliary stent placement as a novel endoscopic technique for bile duct strictures.

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Gastroenterology

A Rare Cause of Acute Liver Failure.

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A rare cause of abdominal pain and weight loss.

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Abdominal pain and bilious vomiting with a dilated duodenum and stomach in a five-year-old boy.

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Beyond time and space: charting dynamic evolution of sporadic colorectal cancer.

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Holding back the tide: Interferon-gamma to the rescue.

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Survival of the fittest: Clonal selection of somatic mutations reveals targets to abate chronic liver injury.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Endoscopic submucosal dissection, will it always be a hyper specialized skill?

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Gut

High-fat diet-induced AKT-palmitoylation in hepatocellular carcinoma: a breakthrough mechanistic investigation.

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Hepatology

Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with serious liver events among patients with type 2 diabetes: A Scandinavian cohort study.

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Editorial: Promise and pitfalls of a natural killer cell signature for hepatocellular carcinoma detection in HCV patients with sustained virological response.

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Hepatology Highlights.

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Letter To The Editor: AGILE 3+ score, enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of advanced fibrosis in patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Liver, heart, and kidney crosstalk in cirrhosis: POCUS is the focus.

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Reply: 'Letter to the editor: Are we comparing apples with oranges?'

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Reply: AGILE 3+ score, enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of advanced fibrosis in patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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enHanCCing knowledge of genetic factors in primary liver tumor.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Enhancing frailty assessment in liver transplantation candidates-The role of the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) in predicting mortality and guiding prehabilitation. Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: How often can we get the right diagnosis after bone marrow transplant in patients with abnormal liver function tests? Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: The prevalence and outcomes of perianal Crohn's disease across the treatment eras-Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: Should ulcerative colitis be monitored more or less invasively?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: Should ulcerative colitis be monitored more or less invasively? Authors' reply.

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Letter: The multifaceted role of Escherichia coli in influencing disorders of industrial populations.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: The multifaceted role of Escherichia coli in influencing disorders of the industrial populations-Authors' reply.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Dissecting Geographical and Racial Disparities in H. pylori Infection Rates: Screening and Eradication Strategies in the U.S.

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From ChatGPT to GutGPT: Enhancing AI for Personalized Healthcare.

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Steatotic Liver Disease: Advancing Science and Patient Care Beyond Traditions.

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Gastroenterology

Lifestyle-associated risk factor and gastrointestinal cancers: targeting potential of the gut microbe-host crosstalk-based metabolic processes.

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Gut

Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomisation study.

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Re-evaluating early-onset OSCC in Africa: findings of minimal cumulative incidence.

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Short-chain fatty acids in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: friend or foe?

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J Hepatol

Changes of hepatic myeloid cells in chronic viral hepatitis and after cure and their clinical significance.

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Dual Positivity for AFP-L3 and DCP Identifies Patients at Exceptionally High Risk for Post-LT HCC Recurrence.

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Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment for portal hypertension: not yet ready for clinical practice!

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From the experimental to the clinical: deepening the understanding of mycophenolate mofetil combined with prednisolone therapy.

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Identifying the pivotal role of non-acute decompensation as a precursor to acute decompensation in cirrhosis.

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Researchers call for more flexible editorial conduct rather than abruptly adopting only the new MASLD nomenclature.

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Tailoring allocation policies and improving access to pediatric liver transplantation in Italy: outframing and concluding: Comment on:Tailoring allocation policies and improving access to pediatric liver transplantation over a 16-year period. Spada M, et al. J Hepatol. 2023 Dec 18:S0168-8278(23)05308-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.11.031. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38122833.Ref 5.

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The joint Middle East and North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa position statement on continuing endorsing the MAFLD definition.

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